Showing posts with label Jamestown. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jamestown. Show all posts

Thursday, March 12, 2020

Historic Jamestowne, Virginia--Part II

A continuation of yesterpost...

Just outside the visitor center for Historic Jamestowne is the land owned by Governor George Yeardley, one of the earliest governors of the colony.

No buildings left

A footbridge leads over a swampy area to the original settlement.

Swampy area

Fort and flag in the distance

Just before the fort site there's the Tercentenary Monument. Built in 1907 to commemorate the 300th anniversary, the monument is 104 feet tall (the same number as of the original colonists!).

Tercentenary Monument

Base of the monument (shady side)

Base of the monument (sunny side)

A fancy gate leads into the area with the original church and fort. The church was built just outside of the fort.

A nice entrance

The church was reconstructed in the late 1890s over the original foundation. Most of the brickwork had been taken over the years for other projects or as mementos by visitors.

Rebuilt exterior

The church's graveyard is also reconstructed. Archaeological workers found a few graves just outside the foundations of the church.

Churchyard

Inside, visitors can seen the original foundation.

Bell tower foundation

They are still working on it!

Church interior

View from the altar

Memorial inside the church

Bell tower end of the church

Ad to get donations to help out the restoration

Nearby is a statue of Pocahontas. She was most likely born around 1595 at Werowocomoco, fifteen miles from Jamestown. She was the favorite daughter of Chief Powhatan and visited the colony often in 1608. John Smith credits her with saving his life twice. In 1613, Pocahontas was kidnapped by Captain Argall. While captive, she learned Christianity and was baptized. In 1614 she married John Rolfe, which established peace between the settlers and the natives. She went with Rolfe to England in 1616 with their son Thomas and met the Royal Court. She died in 1617 and was buried in England.

Pocahontas in her younger days

Copy of the 17th-century English engraving of Pocahontas

Archeology is ongoing at the site but no archeologists were on duty.

Blockhouse from the extended fort

Inside the fort grounds is a recreation of the barracks. A wooden frame would be coated with a mud mixture to make the walls. The roofs were typically thatched.

Barracks framed out

Sample of wall

One of the cannons on display

Several burial sites can be found around the property. These two next to each other do not seem to be related. On the left is the remains of a young European man who had a gunshot wound and was buried between 1607 and 1620. On the right is a European woman who was buried in the 1620s somewhere between the ages or 40 and 55.

Burial markers

A statue of Captain John Smith stands right by the waters of the James River. Part of the plaque describing him struck me as funny: "He was an arrogant and boastful man, often tactless and sometimes brutal. Physically strong and worldly wise, he made an excellent settler. However, his personality, his obvious qualifications and his low social position infuriated many of the colony's leaders and settlers." His early life is fascinating. He was born about 1580 to a yeoman farmer. He traveled Europe and fought as a soldier in the Netherlands and Hungary. He was captured and sold as a slave to a Russian master. He killed that man and escaped to Hungary. He made it back to England in time to colonize Virginia. He returned to England in 1609 where he published a few works (the book, a map, and a history of Virginia). He visited New England briefly to map the coast in 1614. He lived the rest of his life in England, dying in 1631.

John Smith statue

Close up 

Another memorial is the Hunt Shrine. Reverend Robert Hunt was the first Anglican minister in the colony. He died in 1608.

Hunt Shrine

The site also has a metal miniature of the original fort.

Triangle fort

Western end

Eastern end

The area also has a "new towne" with the foundations of various buildings from the 1600s. We didn't visit because the kids were done. The new town area was burned down in 1676 by Nathaniel Bacon who led a rebellion against the Colonial Governor William Berkeley.

Wednesday, March 11, 2020

Historic Jamestowne, Virginia--Part I

Historic Jamestowne is part of the Colonial National Historical Park in the Williamsburg area of Virginia. It is the site of the first permanent English settlement on the North American continent.

Yes, the do spell it with the "e" on the signs

Our first stop was the visitor center where we paid the entrance fee (which includes access to the Yorktown Battlefield site) and looked at some of the exhibits.

More olde spelling

The first settlers came to Jamestown Island in 1607. Captain John Smith was one of the first settlers and he wrote a two-volume book called "The True Travels, Adventures, and Observations of Captaine John Smith." The book was first published in London in 1629; the museum has an American reprint from 1819. It was a sensation and Smith promoted colonization to others.

John Smith's mega-hit

The original 104 English colonists (all men) came on three ships, the Discovery (Captain John Ratcliffe commanding with 21 colonists), the Susan Constant (Captain Christopher Newport commanding with 71 colonists), and the Godspeed (Captain Bartholomew Gosnold commanding with 52 persons). John Smith was a passenger but quickly rose to prominence in the colony.

Model of the Discovery

Model of the Susan Constant

Model of the Godspeed

The settlers almost immediately ran into the local tribe led by Chief Powhatan. The natives attacked, forcing the colonists to build a triangular fort. Tensions eased and some trade started. The next year, another 200 colonists came. Powhatan ordered a siege of the fort and only 60 of the then 500 colonists survived the winter of 1609-1610. Tensions eased again. New colonists came, including women and children, in order to make it a permanent foothold in the new world.

The colony gets bigger

The colony grew outside the fort. A small town was built and by 1619 the colonists elected their first governing body, the House of Burgesses. Also in 1619, the first slaves were brought to the fledgling colony. By that point, John Rolfe had introduced a strain of tobacco that grew well there, becoming the first cash crop.

Building equipment

Relations with the local tribes continued to be strained. The museum has a lot of information about the culture and activities of the natives, along with an amazing map of communication and trade routes between North American tribes.

Trade/communications routes

Items made for trade with locals and back home (i.e. England)

Cooking in colonial times

We went outside to see where the original colonists settled, but not before getting in an extra photo opportunity.

Please observe our rules

Don't make us angry

Happy to have an extra arm to help out

We journey outside in the next post!